Jane Austen An Influential Writer In History - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1182 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/06/12 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Pride and Prejudice Essay Did you like this example? Jane Austen was born on December 16, 1775, in Hampshire England. Her father, Reverend George Austen worked as Steventonrs rector and encouraged his children to embrace learning. Jane Austen was the seventh born of the family of eight children she had one sister and six brothers (Teachman 2). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Jane Austen: An Influential Writer In History" essay for you Create order She lived with her family and never married (Teachman 11). Jane commenced writing as a young teen, and it was her unique way of keeping the family entertained (Teachman 7). Her first novel, Sense and Sensibility was published in 1811. After much revision, Pride and Prejudice was published in 1813(Teachman 53). Incredibly, all her books were published anonymously, this being agreeable to her retiring personality. Jane died on July 18, 1817, and her remains are buried at Winchester Cathedral. Today, Jane is regarded as an English classic and one of the most influential authors in history (Teachman 17-18). In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen starts with sensational remarks, It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife (Austen 1). The statement makes it evident that Austen intends to inject profound humor by taking normal subjects, such as marriage, and ostentatiously writing of the judiciously. Pride and Prejudice is the best-known novel by Austen and it explores how a first impression can be elusive and create unnecessary prejudices which can be misleading. The main character in the novel is Elizabeth Bennet, who has four sisters and whose situations demand that they all marry well. The novel reveals Austenrs humorous outlook of the humanrs state of being. With this background, the next part of this paper will look at three articles about the novel. In The impact of the Feminist Heroine: Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice published in the International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, Hui-Chun Chang critically explores the feminist importance of Elizabeth Bennet. Chang asserts that while other female characters in the novel such as Caroline and Charlotte conform to the socially imposed gender norms, Elizabeth craftily challenges gender inequality (Chang 76). Chang contends that Elizabeth feminists views have a purpose that exceeds the comedic effect and Austen uses Elizabeth to voice her concerns about the socially imposed gender types (Chang 76). Rather than conforming to the popular one-dimensional view that Elizabeth attitude was only intended by Austen comedy, Chang adopts a broader perspective and hold that Elizabethrs feminist acumen serves the role of influencing Mr. Darcyrs character. Chang comments that unlike other female characters, Elizabeth boldly speaks her mind decidedly and she is unwilling to bend to the rules of the societal dictate (Change 77). Hang contrasts Caroline and Elizabeth to prove that indeed, Elizabeth is different from other women in the novel. While Caroline embodies the stereotypical Regency-era woman who has been well educated as per the expectations of the society, she fails to value intellectual achievements, Elizabeth is motivated to pursue intellectual achievements despite not having gotten a typical female education. Chang argues that Elizabethrs feminist qualities have come to light when contrasted against the female foils in the novel (Chang 82). Chang concludes that Elizabeth epitomizes how women can assert their independence and still catch the attention of a suitable husband. (Chang 82) In Marriage in Jane Austenrs Pride and Prejudice published in the International Journal of Media Culture and Literature, Amjad Azam Mohammed analyzes the situation of marriage in the Victorian age and how women were approaching it. Mohammed argues that during the Victorian age, women had different reasons for conducting marriage, including enhancing their social status and ensuring their future (Mohammed 59). During the era in which Austen wrote the novel, marriage was undergoing a significant change from an aristocratic institution to a tolerable institution that could identify the values of women. Mohammed asserts that the transition can be traced in the novel through the character of Elizabeth who defies the status quo and asserts her independence of thoughts and actions (Mohammed 60). Mohammed argues that Pride and Prejudice provides a real-life experience into the institution of marriage during the Victorian age (Mohammed 62). Womenrs were seen as menrs property. Women were denied rights to inherit or possess anything left by their family. Also, women did not have a voice in the society. Austen suggests that many marriages were built on the material needs of women, but she encourages women to be independent and engage in marriage based on love (Mohammed 66). Mohammed concludes that despite varying reasons for marriages, Pride and Prejudice paints marriage as an institution that was experiencing inevitable progress. In The Portrayal of Male Fools in Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice published in English Language and Literature Studies, Ali Albashir Mohammed Al-Haj examines how men are treated in Austenrs novel Pride and Prejudice. Al-Haj asserts that Austenrs work took an interest in people, instead of the ideas and the success of each work is contingent upon the exact presentation of human situations (Al-Haj 44). This infers that Austen was not a social reformer, rather she was a sharp observer who used her talent to make the society think of its flaws. According to Al-Haj, the character of male fools in Pride and Prejudice are fixed characters, who do not change throughout (Al-Haj 47). Al-Haj concludes that a male character in the novel is a fool to the extent that one is seen as a portraiture of good for nothing who does wrong professionally but is devoid of moral awareness. In sum, Jane Austen is a renowned classic and an influential writer in history. Pride and Prejudice captures Austenrs sense of humor and reveals how the author is meticulously using comic to castigate her society for oppressing women. Chang who authored the first article, has explored the novel through the personality of Elizabeth. The major conclusion of the article is that women can be independent and still marry a desirable husband. The second article that was examined in the paper, was authored by Mohammed. In his article he discussed the marriage institution and concluded that the Victorian themes that characterized the marriage institution were being threatened by a new breed of women such as Elizabeth who ushered the society to look at women from a different and new prospective. The third article that was written by Al-Haj who examines male fools in the novel. Al-Haj concludes that male fools in the novel are the male characters who promote status quo. Ultimately, all of the t hree articles have brought new ways to look at Austenrs Pride and Prejudice. Work cited Teachman, Debra. Student Companion to Jane Austen, Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated, 2000. ProQuest Ebook Central, pp.2,7,11,17-18,54. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/fit/detail.action?docID=3000123. Austen, Jane, and C. E. Brock. Pride and Prejudice. e-artnow, 2013. EBSCOhost, pp.1. search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=nlebkAN=575319site=ehost-live. Chang, Hui-Chun. The impact of the Feminist Heroine: Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice. International Journal of Applied Linguistic English Literature 3.3 (2014): 76-82. Mohammed, Amjad Azam. Marriage in Jane Austenrs Pride and Prejudice. International Journal of Media Culture and Literature 2.4 (2016): pp.59-73. Al-Haj, Ali Albashir Mohammed. The Portrayal of Male Fools in Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice. English Language and Literature Studies 4.2 (2014): pp.44-50.

Aids, Hiv, And Aids - 1726 Words

AIDS and HIV in Africa Picture this: a young child who is very skinny, ribs and all other bones are showing through the skin, they are born with HIV. it then leads to AIDS, due to their parents. HIV is a Human Immunodeficiency Virus. If HIV is left untreated, it can lead to AIDS, which is an acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. In Nigeria, Africa millions of people have the disease of AIDS and HIV. There is not many treatment options or solutions for this serious issue that takes place all over the country. There are a few aspects one must understand about this movement to fully understand its importance, whether those are what exactly HIV/AIDS is and how deadly it actually is, how potently it is actually affecting Nigeria and other†¦show more content†¦Clean needle exchange is not available in Nigeria. HIV is not only spread through sexual contact. Sex workers are another common way for people to carry the disease. The majority of the people do not know their HIV or AIDS status. There are many sol utions that may have worked in the past, but with a twist to this solution of people living with AIDS and HIV. For the people who do not know their HIV and AIDS status, at home tests would allow them to test themselves. This would give individuals the knowledge of what their own status is if they were HIV positive or HIV negative. If the people were more educated about their health and disease, these problems would not be so bad in Africa. Another way to treat these people with the disease is by medications and antibiotics. In the United States, they are using many medications to fight HIV infection. The medication they are using is called Antiretroviral therapy, also known as ART, this medication is not a cure. Although it does control the virus so they can live and reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others, from the â€Å"Overview of HIV Treatments† (2015), they state that, These HIV medicines prevent HIV from multiplying (making copies of itself), which reduces the a mount of HIV in your body. Having less HIV in your body gives your immune system a chance to recover and fight off infections and cancers. Even though there is still some HIV in the body, the immune system is strong enough to fight offShow MoreRelatedHiv / Aids And Aids1472 Words   |  6 PagesHIV/AIDS is the major ongoing issue attacking sub-Saharan Africa. The damage caused by HIV/AIDS strips families, communities, and increases poverty. In Kenya, the plague has mainly targeted those in the fertile and reproductive age groups. According to estimates by the United Nations of AIDS (UNAIDS), â€Å"Indication of 22.5 million people were living with HIV in Africa, over 1.6 million people were estimated to have died from this syndrome, and well over 11 million children have been orphaned by AIDSRead MoreAids : Hiv / Aids Essay1330 Words   |  6 PagesLauren Kennedy United States HIV/AIDS Part 1: Background of Topic: What became later known as aids was detected in West Africa when scientists identified a species of chimpanzees that had a version of this virus in their immune system. They later found out that the disease was transmitted to humans and created into HIV when people hunted these animals for food and came in contact with their infected blood. Decade after decade this illness swooped over Africa like a blanket and began to spread toRead MoreHiv/Aids Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesHIV/AIDS BSHS302 May 21, 2012 Faye Flanagan HIV/AIDS Social issues facing HIV/AIDS today are as diverse as the people that are affected by the disease. Advocating for a large group of people takes action at the macro human service practice. The goals and intervention strategies will be similar to micro human service and will involve the same strategies to bring justice to human rights for all members of society. One strategy is including a broader range of other diversity in research inRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids1535 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionalsRead MoreThe Effects of Hiv/Aids2132 Words   |  9 Pages | QUESTION: Discuss the impact of HIV/AIDS on education. CONTENTS 1.) Introduction. 2.) Discussion. i.)   loss of professionals to the effects of HIV and AIDS ii)   Funds channeled to combat effects of HIV and AIDS on education in Kenya iii) High dropout rates to the effects of HIV and AIDS on education iv) The introduction of HIV and AIDS as a unit on the Kenyan syllabus v)  Ã‚   Stigmatizations caused by the effects of HIV and AIDS on education in Kenya 3.) Conclusion Read MorePrevalence Of Hiv / Aids1525 Words   |  7 PagesPrevalence of HIV/AIDS in Ohio It was already stated that the HIV/AIDS epidemic impacts persons regardless of sex, age, race/ethnic group and/or geographic region in Ohio, but certain populations seem to be more impacted than others. There are 11, 544,225 people living in Ohio. 80% are white, 12% are black, 3% are Hispanic, and less than 2% are Asian. Each year in Ohio, about 1,000 people are diagnosed with HIV. In 2013, 1,180 people were diagnosed. Overall, there are almost 20,000 known to be livingRead MoreStigma of Hiv/Aids1812 Words   |  8 PagesStigma of HIV/AIDS It goes without saying that HIV and AIDS are as much about social phenomena as they are about biological and medical concerns. From the moment scientists identified HIV and AIDS, social responses of fear, denial, stigma, and discrimination have accompanied the epidemic. Discrimination has spread rapidly, fuelling anxiety and prejudice against the groups most commonly affected, as well as those living with HIV or AIDS. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of educationRead MoreHiv/Aids in Nigeria6960 Words   |  28 PagesLITERATURE 2.0 INTRODUCTION HIV/AIDs has been ranked among the common disease of all times that is threatening us with the extinction of youths and adults. It is not only terrorizing the entire generation but also kills and leaves millions of orphans for the oldest grandparent to carter for. 2.1 HIV/AIDS IN NIGERIA According to USAID brief (2004), Nigerian epidemic is characterized by one of the most rapidly increasing rates of new HIV/AIDS cases in West Africa. Adult HIV prevalence increased fromRead More AIDS/HIV Essay2283 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing contaminated needles and syringes, mother to child (perinatal) and contaminated blood product (National Association of Health Authorities, 1988). 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH Late HIV diagnosis remains a major problem among black Africans in England. In 2007, about 42 per cent of black Africans diagnosed with HIV were diagnosed late (HPA, 2008a). This compromises their survival chances becauseRead MoreAids : Hiv And The Pursuit Of Happiness1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe AIDS epidemic has been a controversial debate for many years. As Sturken says in her text, there is discourse on AIDS of hysteria and blame, but AIDS also produces a discourse of defiance and criticism (Sturken 147). Using Sturken’s article AIDS and The Politics of Representation and the film Living Proof: HIV and the Pursuit of Happiness I will discuss the two different discourses and views of AIDS. These simultaneous discourses on AIDS, result from the variation of ways people in our society

Student Attendance Monitoring Free Essays

Wale in partial fulfillment of the Requirements in Computer Programming NC-IV ,has been examined and is commended for your approval and acceptance this August , 2014. DIRT Adviser The Oral Examination Committee Oral Examination Grade Ms. Germinal F. We will write a custom essay sample on Student Attendance Monitoring or any similar topic only for you Order Now Malice Ms . Sheens Rose F. Beguiler Faculty Member Ms. Made L. Soon School President Faculty Member Approved and Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Computer Programming NC IV Ms. Mandela. Soon I would like to dedicate this project to our Lord God, who gave us strength and power to do our tasks every day. Secondly, I sincerely dedicate this project to our beloved School President Ms. Made L. Soon and to all tech staff who never get tired of us to teaches, accommodated and support us even in awkward time. And lastly, to our supportive Parent’s, who always there to guide us and gave their moral support. Acknowledgement I wish to thank Ms. Made L. Soon our School President, for supporting and helping us in making this system. Without their support we would not have realized our dream to fulfill this challenge in our life of study. We can only promise to pay back by availing our skills to this school of tech Computer Academy. I also want to thank our parents for supporting us to make this project. And we also want to express our appreciation to our classmates and friends who helped us in one way or another during the course of developing this project. So, thank you to all people who helped and support us. I also want to thank our Father God who give us the knowledge and wisdom to make this project, without his help and guidance we can never to this project, so We thank him a lot for helping us. Abstract I system entitled â€Å"tech Computerized Student Attendance Monitoring System†, helps our faculty to manage the schedule of a student in proper way. Our system was developed in Visual Basic 6. With Diversification using Microsoft Access Application. This system will make text information of students of this school. After developing this research project it will help and easy to monitor the attendance of all students. Through the use of search engine the information you wants to know will appear. The Research project will be discuss and presented with sample programs, on how to create a simple Student Attendance Monitoring System using a Microsoft Access. Chapter l: Introduction Background of the Study The attendance monitoring system is a system that would check and record the attendance of a student in a class. Similar to the ID swiping machine at the entrance of each college in the university, this machine will be placed in each classroom to precisely monitor the students and the professor in their respective classes this system is software-based because of its storage of inputs that could be viewed in any compatible browser. The system Background of the Study The attendance monitoring system is a system that would check and record the attendance of a student in a class. Similar to the ID swiping machine at the entrance of each college in the university, this machine will be placed in each classroom to precisely monitor the dents and the professor in their respective classes. Statement of the Problem General Problem How does â€Å"decompositions Student Attendance Monitoring System† helps the faculty to keep and secured the attendance of the student? Specific Problem 1 . What is the profile of your respondents in terms of the following: a. Age b. Gender c. Course 2. What is the importance of â€Å"tech Computerized Student Attendance Monitoring System†? 3. What is the advantages of â€Å"tech Computerized Student Attendance Monitoring System†? 4. Why do we need to implement the â€Å"tech Computerized Student Attendance Monitoring System helps the tech Computer Academy? Hypothesis Age, gender and course do not affect the variables involved in the Computerized Student Attendance Monitoring System. Objectives of the Study 3 Significance of the Study A â€Å"Student Attendance Monitoring System†, will be used by the faculty to check easily the Attendance of the students of tech Computer Academy Inc. This proposed project will give information on how to monitor Students using this system. It will benefit the user because it aims to help the faculty easier. It also helps the Admit monitoring more efficient. Scope and Delimitation This research project will focus on the topic on Student Attendance Monitoring. The researchers came up with the approach of using database which contains a list of names, dates and time on when they arrived. Theoretical/Conceptual Framework A Student Attendance Monitoring System (SAM) is being developed to provide a reliable, secure, and efficient method of recording student attendance. The project involves two phases of IT development. The first part involves the development of SAM within SAP Student Lifestyle Management (Slam) and integration with Syllabus Plus and a scanning solution. It also includes the development of an on-line student absence notice form with document management and appropriate workflow for approval and updating of attendance record. SAP Business Warehouse will be used to produce reports of absence including incorporation of records available in other systems (e-Portfolio and Blackboard) to enable comprehensive reporting of attendance. The second part of the project is the collection of in-class attendance data. Paradigm Input Process Output Benefits Users: Faculty Admit. Computerized Student Attendance Monitoring System. Ready to access About Students Information. The user easily monitors the students. This system provides a security here in tech Computer Academy Inc. Data: Visual Basic Database Microsoft Access Minimize the effort of the Blue Desk Focal. Device: Monitor Mouse Keyboard System Unit These hardware devices are the most important tools for easy findings information about the system. 6 Definition of terms Students- a person engaged in study; one who is devoted to learning a learner. Computer- is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and automatically manipulates data, and provides output in a useful format. Visual Basic- is a arrogating language developed in 1991 as a simple method of creating Graphic User Interfaces, or Guy’s. Visual basic was an early example of an object-oriented programming language. The programming environment is also an easy-to-use GUI system. Icons- are the small graphical image that represents files, folder or application. Microsoft Word- or simply as WORD is a word processing application that supplies you with all the important tools that you need in creating a wide variety of documents such as memos, outlines, newsletters, etc. Word provides you a window called word window where you can create your documents. Attendance-is the act or fact of attending (being present at) work. Monitoring- is an intermittent (regular or irregular) series of observations in time, carried out to show the extent of compliance with a formulated standard or degree of deviation from an expected norm. 7 Related literature Local Literature Saint Marry University â€Å"Students Attendance Monitoring System† Booming Uneven Vicar A computerized system that will facilitate a faster and easier checking of student’s attendance during the implementation of departmental and/or institutional programs is now being utilized at the School of SIT. The system was developed BMW. Rogue B. Tabor, an IT instructor whose objectives in developing the system are the following: to make the checking of attendance easier and faster, to keep accurate records of students attendance, to eradicate or at least minimize complaints of students on erroneous data on attendance, and to inspire IT students to develop computerize systems that will make processes easier. 8 Foreign Literature The University Senate has agreed a unified University policy on attendance monitoring for all home and international students. This is to ensure equity of treatment across the whole student population and enable attendance monitoring to e an effective tool for identifying any problems at an early stage and offering students appropriate support. Departments are therefore required to monitor attendance and review engagement with the programmer of study, for all home and international students. Two documents entitled â€Å"SAM Policy Guidance for Depth (with effect from 2012-13)† and â€Å"Policy Appendix: Guidance for Depth relating to Checkpoints† are available (see Downloads box on the right). Systems for Attendance Monitoring The University has developed central Student Attendance Monitoring (SAM) systems o assist departments in recording both student attendance throughout the year and student engagement at specific Check Points during the year. These systems include a Reporting Facility to assist in monitoring and reviewing student attendance/ engagement data. Further information and guidance on the various systems available can be found at: http://www. Sheaf. C. UK/SD/Sam 9 Chapter Ill Methodology The â€Å"tech Computerized Students Attendance Monitoring System† aims to help the Faculty to easily monitor the studentship’s Computer Academy Inc. The respondents are the students of this institution. We make a questionnaire to gather information. Research Design In this research study I used the descriptive and quantitative type of research to be obtained information among the faculty and staffs of tech Computer Academy Inc. Malicious, Panamanian. Respondent My respondents are the faculty and student of ‘Tech Computer Academy Inc. The selected respondent is composed of 186 members. Statistical Treatment For the statistical treatment, the researchers will use the frequency distribution and the percentage for the computation of the sample size. N=Sample Size n=number of the respondents E=margin of error 11 Research Design 12 How to cite Student Attendance Monitoring, Essays

Statistics and Business Research Methods Housing Market

Question: Discuss about the Statistics and Business Research Methods for Housing Market. Answer: Introduction: The housing market in Australia is a strong source of money. There has been a great change in the housing market in Australia from the beginning of the 21st century. Dwelling values are higher in cities like Sydney, Melbourne while Perth, Darwin, Brisbane and Canberra has shown a downward trend in the dwelling values(Buys Miller, 2012). There are several factors that effect the dwelling values. The Reserve Bank interest rate, the Core logic mortgage index, increase in price of property market are some of them(Chhetri et al. ,2013). The objective of this assignment is to study how the housing market in Australia has changed over the few years and what factors are affecting this change. An outline idea about the data collection and the methods used for interpretation and analysis of the data are given in this assignment. Problem statement The problem statement of this research is to determine the change in values of housing market in Australia in the current year and to find out the major factors that are accountable for the change. Aim of the Research The aim of the research is to determine to what extent the dwelling values has been changed in Australia and what are the reasons behind this change. Research Objective The objective of the research is given below: To determine the change in the dwelling value. To determine the major factors (like interest rate of Reserve Bank, Property price of the country) that are the cause behind the change Research questions The study is concerned with answering the following research questions: 1.How much the dwelling value has changed in the recent period? 2.Are there any fluctuations in the values from season to season? 3.How have these values changed across different cities? 4.Are the change in values due to the change in factors like property price, interest rate of Reserve Bank, core logic Mortgage index, etc.? 5.What is the effect on the economy due to this change? Literature review: The interest rate of the Reserve Bank has been lowered. The Core Logic has reported that there is a delay in the housing prices, and the values of dwelling have also increased. Among the top eight Australian cities there has been a decrease in the dwelling values of four cities while four cities have seen a rising in the dwelling values (Muellbauer, 2012). Also, the number of days required to sell the dwelling has become longer as compared to the previous years. The average number o days required to sell dwelling in previous year was 42 days which has become 47 days in the current year. This average value is longest during the period of Christmas and New Year. The dwelling values have been increased in Melbourne by 7.5% and in Sydney by 9.1%. In Sydney, there has been a large number of stock available than the number of buyers. Adelaide and Perth, however, has seen a decrease in the values. Brisbane, Hobart, and Darwin has also seen an increase in the dwelling values. Adelaide and Hobart are the cities where the average number of days required to sell the property has been increased. Methodology: Data collection: The data collection in this problem is to be done by sampling procedure. The cluster sampling method can be used to collect data on dwelling prices of the houses. At first the different cities of the country can be divided into several clusters based on the financial condition. Then the data on dwelling prices can be collected from this cluster. This is a first-hand data or primary data(Yang et al.,2014). There are also some other data that has to be collected for determining the effect of other factors on the dwelling values. These other factors include interest rates of Reserve Bank, Core value mortgage index, property index, etc. The data on these variables can be collected from the sites of the Reserve Bank, official site of Core Logic, etc. These data are secondary data. Data Analysis: The collected data could be analyzed using various descriptive statistics methods. The data used in this case are mainly time series data. Time series analysis could be done to determine the effect of time on the dwelling prices(Box et al., 2015). The time series analysis includes: Trend analysis: To check whether there is any trend(increasing or decreasing) in the welling values. Seasonality: To see if there are any seasonal fluctuations in the values. Cyclical fluctuations: To determine whether there is any oscillatory movement in the time series. Irregularity: To see if there is any irregular movement in the data(Chatfield, 2016). Along with the time series analysis, a regression model has to be fit to see how the factors like interest rate of Reserve Bank, Core Logic index values affects the dwelling prices(Draper and Smith, 2014). The regression that would be used here would be linear regression analysis. The value of the regression coefficients has to be checked whether they are significant or not (Montgomery, Peck and Vining, 2015). A cluster analysis study can also be done to determine if the values of different cities can be grouped into some specific clusters (Anderberg, 2014). For example, the business capital cities of the country will fall in the same cluster as compared to other cities. Conclusion: In this assignment, the change in dwelling prices of the country and the factors affecting the change would be analyzed. A detailed idea about the collection of data, analysis of the data and interpretation of the data has been given. The effect on the Australian economy due to the change of the dwelling values has been analyzed in this data. Also the effect of change of the factors like Core logic index values, Interest rates has been analyzed in this data. This report would help the Australians to take a deeper look on the change in dwelling values. This would also help to increase the state of economy of the country. References: Anderberg, M. R. (2014).Cluster analysis for applications: probability and mathematical statistics: a series of monographs and textbooks(Vol. 19). Academic press. Box, G. E., Jenkins, G. M., Reinsel, G. C., Ljung, G. M. (2015).Time series analysis: forecasting and control. John Wiley Sons. Buys, L., Miller, E. (2012). Residential satisfaction in inner urban higher-density Brisbane, Australia: role of dwelling design, neighbourhood and neighbours.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,55(3), 319-338. Chatfield, C. (2016).The analysis of time series: an introduction. CRC press. Chhetri, P., Han, J. H., Chandra, S., Corcoran, J. (2013). Mapping urban residential density patterns: Compact city model in Melbourne, Australia.City, Culture and Society,4(2), 77-85. Draper, N. R., Smith, H. (2014).Applied regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., Vining, G. G. (2015).Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Muellbauer, J. (2012, September). When is a housing market overheated enough to threaten stability?. InProperty Markets and Financial Stability, RBA Annual Conference Volume. Reserve Bank of Australia. Yang, S., Chen, K., Chen, X., Shi, J., Li, W., Du, Q., ... Gao, G. (2014, March). Reliability and validity evaluation based on Monte Carlo simulations by computer in three-stage cluster sampling on multinomial sensitive question survey. InAdvanced Engineering and Technology: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Congress on Advanced Engineering and Technology (CAET 2014), Hong Kong, 19-20 April 2014(p. 271). CRC Press.

‘Football Academies and the Migration of African Football Labour to Europe Essay Example

‘Football Academies and the Migration of African Football Labour to Europe Essay The migration of African players into European leagues and teams can be suggested to have negative effects upon African football (Darby, 2007). Within this essay it will try and critique the issues that Darby (2007) has concerns about. Darby (2007) identifies due to the financial superiority of the west, Africa have become the suffering nation due to such neo imperialistic behaviour. With Bale and Maguire (1994) suggesting with the dependency theory Africa have become the dependant underdevelopment state; due to the reliance of financial superiority of the west. For example the more successful teams within Europe developing new academies, to go in search of a new market in which to buy and sell product (African footballers) into higher rise football teams; thus producing more income for their team. Although Darby (2007) does mention in parts that certain academies can provide high level African athletes; the impression given is one of which the academies are set up for the sole imperialistic nature in which to produce high level athletes. Such suggestion from Darby (2007) could be associated with a hyper globalist pessimist; in that globalisation is occurring but in contrast there are things that could be done to improve matters. In connection, with suggestions from Crouch (2011) implies due to neo liberalisation, other companies (McDonalds and Nike) from the west take advantage of the raw talent (labour); that Africa provide due to its low cost and affordability. Crouch relating to Darby’s paper in that with the exploitation of different types of academies; certain associations can exploit the raw talent that Africa provides. Furthermore Darby (2007) relates to the neo-colonial importance involved with such exploitation of labour. We will write a custom essay sample on ‘Football Academies and the Migration of African Football Labour to Europe specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on ‘Football Academies and the Migration of African Football Labour to Europe specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on ‘Football Academies and the Migration of African Football Labour to Europe specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Implications for Africa could arise with the academies producing a dependant relationship with the European countries (Klein, 1991); in relation again to economic superiority of the west, with Western football interests gaining power through the success of the European league setup. Further implications could arise from such ‘exploitation’; in association to Africa, Brazil are dealing with similar problems, due to mass exodus of skilled talent to European countries rendering Brazilian football perpetually dependent upon labour exportation (Alvito, 2007). Africa could also become dependent upon broadcasting and media

Learn More About Conjugations for the Italian Verb Addormentarsi

Learn More About Conjugations for the Italian Verb Addormentarsi addormentarsi: to fall asleep, go to sleep; take slowly Regular  first-conjugation Italian verbReflexive verb  (requires a  reflexive pronoun) INDICATIVE/INDICATIVO Presente io mi addormento tu ti addormenti lui, lei, Lei si addormenta noi ci addormentiamo voi vi addormentate loro, Loro si addormentano Imperfetto io mi addormentavo tu ti addormentavi lui, lei, Lei si addormentava noi ci addormentavamo voi vi addormentavate loro, Loro si addormentavano Passato remoto io mi addormentai tu ti addormentasti lui, lei, Lei si addorment noi ci addormentammo voi vi addormentaste loro, Loro si addormentarono Futuro semplice io mi addormenter tu ti addormenterai lui, lei, Lei si addormenter noi ci addormenteremo voi vi addormenterete loro, Loro si addormenteranno Passato prossimo io mi sono addormentato/a tu ti sei addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si addormentato/a noi ci siamo addormentati/e voi vi siete addormentati/e loro, Loro si sono addormentati/e Trapassato prossimo io mi ero addormentato/a tu ti eri addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si era addormentato/a noi ci eravamo addormentati/e voi vi eravate addormentati/e loro, Loro si erano addormentati/e Trapassato remoto io mi fui addormentato/a tu ti fosti addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si fu addormentato/a noi ci fummo addormentati/e voi vi foste addormentati/e loro, Loro si furono addormentati/e Future anteriore io mi sar addormentato/a tu ti sarai addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si sar addormentato/a noi ci saremo addormentati/e voi vi sarete addormentati/e loro, Loro si saranno addormentati/e SUBJUNCTIVE/CONGIUNTIVO Presente io mi addormenti tu ti addormenti lui, lei, Lei si addormenti noi ci addormentiamo voi vi addormentiate loro, Loro si addormentino Imperfetto io mi addormentassi tu ti addormentassi lui, lei, Lei si addormentasse noi ci addormentassimo voi vi addormentaste loro, Loro si addormentassero Passato io mi sia addormentato/a tu ti sia addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si sia addormentato/a noi ci siamo addormentati/e voi vi siate addormentati/e loro, Loro si siano addormentati/e Trapassato io mi fossi addormentato/a tu ti fossi addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si fosse addormentato/a noi ci fossimo addormentati/e voi vi foste addormentati/e loro, Loro si fossero addormentati/e CONDITIONAL/CONDIZIONALE Presente io mi addormenterei tu ti addormenteresti lui, lei, Lei si addormenterebbe noi ci addormenteremmo voi vi addormentereste loro, Loro si addormenterebbero Passato io mi sarei addormentato/a tu ti saresti addormentato/a lui, lei, Lei si sarebbe addormentato/a noi ci saremmo addormentati/e voi vi sareste addormentati/e loro, Loro si sarebbero addormentati/e IMPERATIVE/IMPERATIVO Presente - addormentatisi addormentiaddormentiamociaddormentatevisi addormentino INFINITIVE/INFINITO Presente: addormentarsi Passato: essersi addormentato PARTICIPLE/PARTICIPIO Presente: addormentantesi Passato: addormentatosi GERUND/GERUNDIO Presente: addormentandosi Passato: essendosi addormentato 1001 Italian Verbs:  A  |  B  |  C  |  D  |  E  |  F  |  G  | H |  I  | JK |  L  |  M  |  N  |  O  |  P  |  Q  |  R  |  S  |  T  |  U  |  V  | W | X | Y |  Z

How did D-Day impact world history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How did D-Day impact world history - Essay Example 6th June, 1944 saw approximately 160,000 Allied Troops landing on a 50-mile stretch of heavily-equipped French coastline, ready to fight the Nazi Germany in Normandy beaches, France (Boyer 1). In this invasion, there were over 5,000 ships and 13,000 aircrafts which were deployed. This caused more than 9,000 deaths and injuries to the Allied Soldiers. However, the soldiers were too many and more than 100,000 soldiers began marching to Europe to defeat Hitler’s reign (Badsey 30). This operation was spelled as the beginning of the termination of Nazi’s domination over Europe and the Third Reich. Such factors were attributed by Winston Churchill (British Prime Minister) who proposed continuity of the Nazi attacks (Ambrose 19). The D-Day was accredited by three different perspectives. The three unique perspectives included the Eldert collection, the LST (Landing Ship Tank) at Fort Knox and Patton on D-Day (Ambrose 20). William Eldert was among the men who served with the 658th Tank Destroyer Battalion, and he also worked in the Pacific Theater. He spent most of his service while living in the LST. His collection included clothing, Misc. Items, medals, badges, dog tags, bags, weapons, currency, pamphlets, booklets, photos, personal correspondences and memory books among other items (Ambrose 21). The second exceptional perspective was the LST building at Fort Knox. This building is identified as a one of a kind building. The building was closely associated with the development of the landing ship (LST). This large ship enabled the Allies to land their weapons on the Normandy beaches where the operation took place (Badsey 37). The British had designed this LCT (Landing Craft Tank) in 1940 to carry six tanks. However, they needed a much larger vessel which was able to carry more tanks and armory equipments for the operation. On the contrary, there were several challenges that they faced to come up with

Doing yoga at a local recreation center can cause harm to Hinduism Essay

Doing yoga at a local recreation center can cause harm to Hinduism - Essay Example Currently, yoga has been influenced by modern world. In most cases, modern day yoga has been misrepresented; it has less spiritual essence, and has more emphasis on financial gain. This is because modern day yoga has been reduced to physical exercise program, with yoga specialists releasing yoga videos, as well as magazines for sale. This situation has been worsened by the fact that more yoga specialist especially those in the secular field have no background on Hinduism and they do not appreciate Hinduism and Buddhism religions. In the United States, it is estimated that approximately, 20 million people practice yoga. It is estimated that the practiced has been there since 1970 with majority of the US citizen pursuing yoga for medical reasons with few individuals pursuing it for purposes of acquiring body energy and stamina, spirituality and to magnify self esteem and creativity (Syman, 2010). In this regard, due to beneficial aspects of modern day yoga, the practice has been integrated in recreation facilities in developed nation. In Ohio, the integration of yoga at Snowpea City Recreation Center has been critiqued by majority of the residents due to the fact that the center which was funded by resident taxes should , therefore, not promote Hindi practices like yoga, since most of the residents are non-Hindi believers (Syman, 2010). In this regard majority of the residents have criticized the yoga practices due to the fact that it downplays the Monism principle of Christianity (the philosophy of existence of one God, the distinction between one God and the universe). The practice of yoga where an individual is recommended to repeat the phrase â€Å"So-ham† during deep breaths is violation of Christian faith since the quote translates to identification of oneself to the divine and the merging of oneself with the divine. In addition, yoga advocates for an individual’s spiritual detachment and freedom from body and material constraint, while

Telecommuting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Telecommuting - Essay Example This also leads to severe and counterproductive compromising on the time available for engaging in healthy and relaxing recreation, thus culminating in faulty lifestyles, health problems, workaholic routines and a plethora of other problems. With the real estate prices in the business centres around the world, skyrocketing, businesses are also realizing the futility of investing capital on the office space, hardware, furniture and other professional amenities. However, the things are no more going to be the same as they were in the days of the yore. The digital technology has literally revolutionized the way organizations and people work and has facilitated both the employers and the employees with a myriad options and possibilities. Telecommuting, also referred to as e-work, telework, e-commuting, working from home (WFH) or working at home (WAH) is a trend that is fast catching up with the business organizations and the workers all over the world. Telecommuting is increasingly becoming an accepted norm and lifestyle in the US and throughout the developed world. More and more companies are realizing the benefits of allowing the employees to avoid or shorten their commuting obligations by allowing them to work from home by using the latest gadgets and the technology to stay connected with their office administration and management. Even before the concept of telecommuting came into vogue, there do existed employees who were occasionally allowed to work from home by their employers. As per a recent survey conducted by Dieringer Research Group, it was found that in the year 2005, the

A Successful Global Strategy

A Successful Global Strategy Executive Summary: This Report outlines how Walt Disney did successfully in global strategy. We found that the root issues include the need to expand into new markets and/or industries. We used a Porters Five Forces analysis to develop the alternatives. The alternatives that we proposed were to expand globally and enter the China makret. We analysed how the alternatives fit with Disneys corporate culture if the alternative would provide a competitive advantage. Upon the completion of our analysis, we recommend that Disney should expand globally in order to capitalise on unrealised markets in order to alleviate its root issues. 1. Introduction The Walt Disney Company, also known simply asDisney, is the largest media and entertainment conglomerate in the world. (http://money.cnn.com) The Walt Disney Company, together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, is a leading diversified international family entertainment and media enterprise with four business segments: Media Networks, which includes the companys television and Internet operations; Parks and Resorts that featuring the companys theme parks,cruise line, and other travel-related assets; Studio Entertainment, which includes the companys film, recording label, and theatrical divisions; and Consumer Products, which produces toys, clothing, and other merchandising based upon Disney-owned properties. (http://corporate.disney.go.com) A strategic analysis of The Walt Disney Company will be conducted to explore the globalisation aspects of strategy within the organisation. Relevant theoretical frameworks and empirical information will be used to assess the viability of Disneys current global strategy and recommendations will be made if any appropriate changes should be considered. The Five Forces Model will be used in the report to analyse the competitive advantage of Disney. The Walt Disney Companys objective is to be one of the worlds leading producers and providers of entertainment and information, using its portfolio of brands to differentiate its content, services and consumer products. The Companys primary financial goals are to maximize earnings and cash flow, and to allocate capital profitably toward growth initiatives that will drive long-term shareholder value. (http://corporate.disney.go.com) It is influenced Disneys strategy towards making the company works globally. The following findings will analyse how Disney using taken a global approach in order to expand the business and will highlight areas of improvement and apply them into theoretical frameworks. And the issue will mainly focus on the plan of building a new Disneyland in Shanghai China 2. Findings 2.1 Current Strategy The current strategy of Disney is mainly depends or influenced by their mission statement that mentioned above: Be one of the worlds leading producers and providers The success of Disney is obvious, but how and why it was able to achievethat success is not as plain. The biggest strength of Disney as acompany, is really the firms `share of mind and it is also thecompanys strongest competitive advantage, or its economic moat. Toillustrate this, each one of us, after hearing the name `Disney willautomatically have something in mind an animated film, perhaps, or acharacter, or a theme park. No matter what that is, the association ismost likely a very positive one: One of entertainment, imagination, andperhaps a family setting. In contrast, the mention of Columbia Picturesor Universal Studios will not evoke the same type of response. However, their main global strategy is really in public eyes: building another theme park in Shanghai China. The Chinese government has approved plans for the Walt Disney Company to build a theme park in Shanghai, its first in mainland China. (http://news.bbc.co.uk) According to the Disney Annual Report (2009), they will remain focus on advancing their strategies objective of building the Companys position as a leader in the creation of high quality branded content and making Disney an even more prominent and successful provider of entertainment globally. 2.2 International composition and expansion According to Bob De Wit and Ron Meyer (2004), international composition is an international firm operates in two or more countries. When a firm starts up value adding activities in yet another country, it is called internationalisation. Disney is actually doing this to meet their goals. In 2005, Disney has opened the fifth theme park and it is located in Hong Kong China. It can see that there is a trend of Disney wants to do business in China. Disney has won approval to build a theme park in Shanghai after nearly 20 years of courting the Chinese government. l International Scope As everyone knows China is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, is a huge potential market for any foreign brand aiming to expand abroad. Shanghai, arguably the most international and diverse city in China. It will allow Disneyland to utilise the largest tourism resources in Eastern China for example sightseeing spots, tourism infrastructure. On the other hand, the world recession and other difficulties in the industry, Disneyland hasnt been doing well in recent years. Seeking a more profitable market is essential, and it is estimated that Shanghai Disneyland will attract 30 million visitors every year. (http://business.globaltimes.cn) l International distribution The international composition of firm also depends on how it has distributed its value-adding activities across the countries selected. In some firms, all national subsidiaries carry out similar activates and are of comparable size. For example RD, and production concentrated only in few countries. (Porter, 1986) At the moment, Disney and build 5 theme park in the world and they distributed in different part of the world. The cultural differences will affect how Disney works for the business. Mention about how to establish the foreign subsidiary, firm can work independently or joint venture with local player or foreign partner. This could refer to the theme park as a joint venture company the cost of inputs, the investment is not just for theme park, the park also includes a variety of capital costs, land costs, environmental costs, part of the regional transport infrastructure costs, relocation costs. And the joint venture partner for Shanghai Disney is the State-owned enterprises L ujiazui Group. (http://www.chinafinancialdaily.com) 2.3 Porters five forces framework of Disney Disney has a favourable marco-environment. Its microenvironment will be examined using Porters five forces model (Porter, 1980). This model seeks to measure the competitiveness of a company by reference to five forces: competitive rivalry; buyers; suppliers; potential entrants and substitutes. In the case of Disney, most of the major things bought such as the rides and buildings are one-off purchase. The suppliers that affect daily operation are food and beverage, fireworks etc. All these are replaceable and will not directly affected Disney competitive advantage. Secondly, the bargaining power of buyer is determined by the concentration of buyers and how much customers can impose pressure on volumes and margins. Lets take Hong Kong Disneyland as an example; their customers have relatively low bargaining power because the theme park is differentiated in its industry. So the threats from buyers are low. There is a direct competitor for Hong Kong Disneyland, Ocean Park. Most teenagers will prefer Ocean Park as the entry fee for Disneyland is almost US$24 more than Ocean Park. That is why Hong Kong Disneyland has steadily lost money since opening in 2005 (http://www.businessweek.com) However, there is a dilemma happen to Disney: there will be a greatest threat or opportunities for Disneyland overall as mention above, the proposals for the second Disneyland in China. This new Disneyland will be eight times bigger than the one in Hong Kong (Subler, 2008). So Disney faces a same brand competitor within Asia and competing in the same market. And the substitutes would affected by other leisure and retail industries. It is because in China, shop normally close at 10pm rather than 5/6pm in western countries. Customers might have other alternatives instead of theme park. Overall, the microenvironment analysed by Porters five forces has revealed that Disney has a competitive environment. 2.4 Localisation or Globalisation? When the Hong Kong Disneyland was under construction, it was reported that the design plan of this park had been reviewed by Feng Shui experts to bring prosperity and good luck. Now, Disney will set up its second theme park in China. Will Shanghai Disneyland contain more Chinese features? Should Disney stick to internationalised and standardised route or positively adopt the localisation strategy? According to the report from The Times (http://business.timesonline.co.uk), Disney said that Shanghai Disneyland will be a fantastic world with Chinese characteristics, including the Chinese food and the suggestions from Feng Shui experts in the design of the park.To address this possibility, the spokesman of Disney made this official statement: Shanghai will feature a Magic-Kingdom style, in keeping with its cousins in Asia, the U.S. and France. It will also have Chinese characteristics as a part of the localization process that is a part of the deal. 3. Conclusion After analysing the Walt Disney case, the current strategy for Disney is being one of the leading producers and providers of entertainment and information, using its portfolio of brands to differentiate its content, services and consumer products. And other strategy is made looking forward to build the sixth theme park in Shanghai China. They will need to consider how they work successfully in order to avoid making the same mistake of Hong Kong Disneyland. Though it is not a big mistake, the issue they need to concern would be how they operate the new Disneyland. Would they stick the Chinese feature in the theme park? Is localisation or globalisation better suit for the new Disneyland? Also, the Porters five force Model has shown that Disney has a competitive advantage to the microenvironment. No matter how they operate, the Walt Disney still has a high reputation in everyone heart. 4. Recommendation In order to make a better improvement for Disney in doing business globally, there are several points I would like to focus on and help Disney works efficiently. The managers of Disney are believed to have made up their minds between globalisation and localisation. But like the saying Disneylands construction will not be stopped if there is space for imagination, numerous guesses will haunt Shanghai Disneyland before it is finished.I would say localisation is not a bad thing. Disney should integrate the Chinese features into Shanghai Disneyland. Even the theme park can be called Disney Oriental Park. However, on the other hand for using the idea of globalisation, the special cultural characteristics would makes Disney become what it is. And too many local elements may exert negative influence upon its attraction power.Therefore, Both localisation and globalisation should focus on transferring the cultural elements into something needed by the industry chain. Also, for even more expansion, as everyone knows, the size of Hong Kong Disneyland and Paris Disneyland is relatively small comparing to other Disneyland. They still have room for further expansion. Such as Hong Kong, it is a right decision to expand the theme park further for the preparing of new opening of Shanghai Disneyland. Once they expand, they would not lose the competitive ability against the rival or internal competitors. Therefore, in my opinion, Disney has successful expand globally in order to capitalise on unrealised markets in order to alleviate its root issues. But there are still unforeseeable potential for Disney. So in short term, a carefully formulated brand strategy will be the key for Disneylands China dream to come true. 5. References: The Walt Disney Company Fiscal Year 2009 Annual Financial Report Bob De Wit and Ron Meyer (2004) Strategy, Process, Contentm Context, An international perspective, 3rd Edition, South-Western Cengage Learning Porter, M.E. (1980)Competitive Strategy, Free Press, New York, 1980. Company Overview http://corporate.disney.go.com/corporate/overview.html (Accessed: 10th Feb 2010) Why Disney wants DreamWorks http://money.cnn.com/2009/02/09/news/companies/disney_dreamworks.fortune/?postversion=2009020914 (Accessed: 21st Feb 2010) Disneyland approved for Shanghai http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8341570.stm (Accessed: 19th Feb 2010) Shanghai Disneyland on the Way http://www.gotoread.com/mag/13136/sarticle_32571.html (Accessed: 17th Feb 2010) Hong Kong Disneylands Future Is in Danger http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/mar2009/gb20090317_923737.htm (Accessed: 22nd Feb 2010) Mickey Mouse prepared to be Shanghaied as China opens up http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article3498733.ece (Accessed: 15th Feb 2010) Disney Shanghai to gamble? http://www.chinafinancialdaily.com/financial/news/2009/12/10/11836/interpretation-of-the-disney-shanghai-suction-gold-journey-tourists-spend-about-600-yuan-per-capita-1.html (Accessed: 15th Feb 2010) Subler J. (2008), Shanghai applies to build its own Disneland: mayor, Reutoers, Online News 6th March 2008 Available from: http://www.reuters.com (Accessed: 17th Feb 2010)

The True Love Between Viola and Orsino, as Compared to Other Relationships in Shakespeares Twelfth Night :: Literary Analysis, Analytical Essay

In Twelfth Night the relationships are anything but romantic. Shakespeare writes from the male point of view which implies an un-easy split between love and physical charm. In Twelfth night the romance is falsely produced by selfish desire. Duke Orsino and Viola stand out from the other relationships. By questioning the relationships between the other couples, Shakespeare highlights the true love between Viola and Orsino and the fake relationship of Malvolio and Olivia which is truly based on Malvolio’s desire of a higher status , despite his status and his personality , Malvolio tries to impress Olivia by dressing up in ridiculous clothes , which does far from his aim , and repulses Olivia. Twelfth Night consists of a large number of love triangles, however many characters are too indulged in love that they are blind to the untrue, and the weakness of their relationship, they are deceived by themselves and many people around them ( ex. Malvolio is tricked by Sir Andrew, Feste ,Sir Toby and Maria),but there are certain incidents where the love is true and two characters feel very strongly about one another. In the play, Viola and Orsino have the most significant relationship. The way they interact with each other causes the complexity on which the play is all about, their relationship turns from strangers to friends then lovers .In the First Act Viola is not honest with Orsino because she disguises herself as a male servant named Cesario in order to get closer to the duke. Orsino. Orsino quickly trusts Cesario and sends him to Olivia to declare Orsinos Love for her, the girl he most dearly loves. This quick bond is the fast example of their relationship. At the beginning of the play, Viola thinks her brother (Sebastian) is dead (after they’re deadly boat crash, where they get separated) when actually he is alive and thinks she is dead, Viola always seems to have a part missing from her which shows her bond with Sebastian is strong, and a part of her but in a brotherly/sisterly way rather than a proper relationship like viola and orsino, At the end of the play they meet and both fall in love , Viola with Orsino and Sebastian with Olivia. The True Love Between Viola and Orsino, as Compared to Other Relationships in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night :: Literary Analysis, Analytical Essay In Twelfth Night the relationships are anything but romantic. Shakespeare writes from the male point of view which implies an un-easy split between love and physical charm. In Twelfth night the romance is falsely produced by selfish desire. Duke Orsino and Viola stand out from the other relationships. By questioning the relationships between the other couples, Shakespeare highlights the true love between Viola and Orsino and the fake relationship of Malvolio and Olivia which is truly based on Malvolio’s desire of a higher status , despite his status and his personality , Malvolio tries to impress Olivia by dressing up in ridiculous clothes , which does far from his aim , and repulses Olivia. Twelfth Night consists of a large number of love triangles, however many characters are too indulged in love that they are blind to the untrue, and the weakness of their relationship, they are deceived by themselves and many people around them ( ex. Malvolio is tricked by Sir Andrew, Feste ,Sir Toby and Maria),but there are certain incidents where the love is true and two characters feel very strongly about one another. In the play, Viola and Orsino have the most significant relationship. The way they interact with each other causes the complexity on which the play is all about, their relationship turns from strangers to friends then lovers .In the First Act Viola is not honest with Orsino because she disguises herself as a male servant named Cesario in order to get closer to the duke. Orsino. Orsino quickly trusts Cesario and sends him to Olivia to declare Orsinos Love for her, the girl he most dearly loves. This quick bond is the fast example of their relationship. At the beginning of the play, Viola thinks her brother (Sebastian) is dead (after they’re deadly boat crash, where they get separated) when actually he is alive and thinks she is dead, Viola always seems to have a part missing from her which shows her bond with Sebastian is strong, and a part of her but in a brotherly/sisterly way rather than a proper relationship like viola and orsino, At the end of the play they meet and both fall in love , Viola with Orsino and Sebastian with Olivia.

Workplace Security Essentials: A Guide for Helping Organizations Create Safe Work Environments Essay

MEMO Introduction                   This is to address the need of workplace surveillance for the benefit of both the employees and the employer. It is an important practice because it helps to prevent and reduces cases of theft, and also to monitor what the employees are engaging in during working hours. This is not any way targeting to infringe the employees’ rights of privacy. Video filming for surveillance will be done at sensitive departments only as allowed by the law and such areas include entrance and exits. Controversies                   The issue of workplace surveillance has raised controversies in the implementation because of the different interests of the employers and employees. Most of the employees are always not in agreement with the surveillance measures taken at their work place (Smith, 2010). These employees argue that surveillance has a negative effect on their productivity as it denies them freedom to work without fear of being watched. However, employers believe that surveillance is important as it keeps employees focused and more productive. It also reduces theft cases, which is beneficial to both the employer and the employees. Legislation                   Employees should enjoy some privacy rights at their workplace despite the presence surveillance by the employer (Stam, 2013). There are some places within the workplaces that employees cannot be monitored. Example of areas where surveillance cannot be done include the toilets and the changing rooms. If this legislation is not respected then the employees should sue the company for privacy rights infringement. Future Direction                   It is both important to have workplace surveillance and also give the employees their privacy rights as stipulated by the law. The company should in future harmonize the employees privacy needs with the need for surveillance in order to create a good working environment that serves both their interests. It is important for the company to monitor business communication to ensure that employees are doing the right thing (Staples, 2011). At the same time employees should enjoy their privacy at social places such as the tea room for their own talks out of the work area. Harmonizing the employer and employee needs, will create a better working environment. This increases the employers trust and makes the employees more productive due to job satisfaction References Smith, E. (2010). Workplace Security Essentials: A Guide for Helping Organizations Create Safe Work Environments. New York: Butterworth-Heinemann. Stam, K. (2013). The Visible Employee: Using Workplace Monitoring and Surveillance to Protect Information Assets-Without Compromising Employee Privacy or Trust . New York: Information Inc. Staples, W. (2011). Everyday Surveillance: Vigilance and Visibility in Postmodern Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Source document

Alpha Decay Nuclear Reaction Example Problem

Alpha Decay Nuclear Reaction Example Problem This example problem demonstrates how to write a nuclear reaction process involving alpha decay. Problem: An atom of 241Am95 undergoes alpha decay and produces an alpha particle.Write a chemical equation showing this reaction. Solution: Nuclear reactions need to have the sum of protons and neutrons the same on both sides of the equation. The number of protons must also be consistent on both sides of the reaction.Alpha decay occurs when the nucleus of an atom spontaneously ejects an alpha particle. The alpha particle is the same as a helium nucleus with 2 protons and 2 neutrons. This means the number of protons in the nucleus is reduced by 2 and the total number of nucleons is reduced by 4.241Am95 → ZXA 4He2A number of protons 95 - 2 93X the element with atomic number 93According to the periodic table, X neptunium or Np.The mass number is reduced by 4.Z 241 - 4 237Substitute these values into the reaction:241Am95 → 237Np93 4He2

Heart of Redness Essays

Heart of Redness Essays Heart of Redness Essay Heart of Redness Essay 15 October 2013 Heart of Redness Paper The cattle killing movement in the 19th century has proven to be a complex topic, and it is difficult to unravel the different perspectives held about this historical event. Heart of Redness by Zakes Mda is a historical fiction novel, which portrays the different viewpoints held about the cattle killing, both while it was happening, and in the aftermath in almost present day, and portrays a lot of the personal feelings held about the cattle killing. The JAH Article, The Central Beliefs of the Cattle Killing, by Jeff Peires gives the different views on the cattle killing from the perspectives of istorians. In Heart of Redness, the tension between the Believers and the Unbelievers has built up immensely, and the historical reasons (and misbeliefs) behind the Believers and Unbelievers original views on the cattle-killing, as shown in the article, are important in analyzing the struggle for these two groups to cohesively live together. The Believers felt strongly that the cattle killing was necessary in order to purify the amaXhosa and allow for the ancestors to be resurrected and replenish their stock with new fields, and healthy cows. Peires states that a lot of historians pin he cattle killing movement on tradition. The amaXhosa practiced purifying themselves, and sacrificing before the lung sickness arose, but historians and anthropologists are mistaken in calling it traditional in any way. As Peires puts it, Whatever traditional patterns may have existed in Xhosaland before 1856, they certainly did not include mass destruction of basic subsistence needs or the expectation of an imminent resurrection of the dead (Peires, 44). The Believers would not have risked the lives of the entire community without truly believing that he ancestors would be resurrected. Peires mentions that the Xhosa believe that the dead are still walking among the living, but in a different form, so their resurrection is very plausible thought. This combined with the fact that people were devastated by the lung sickness in the cows, and the hope that they could be saved was very appeasing. They truly believed that this was the most effective way to ensure their prosperity. They also believed that witchcraft among the amaXhosa caused the lung sickness to contaminate the cattle. In Heart of Redness, Mhlakaza says The existing attle are rotten and unclean. They have been bewitched. They must all be destroyed. You have all been wicked, and therefore everything that belongs to you is bad (Mda, 54). The Believers thought that it was necessary to go through a cleansing stage in order to regain healthy cattle, because they thought the lung sickness was due to their bad behavior. Although killing all the cattle and burning the crops was extreme, and not very plausible, their reasoning behind the movement is spiritually based and Justifies their actions. On the other side of the spectrum, the Unbelievers efused to kill their cattle, because they did not believe that the ancestors would return with the slaughtered cattle, but that the cattle killing would cause the amaXhosa to be left even more devastated. They thought that the actions of the Bellevers were going to Tar. Atter lwln Klllea some 0T lwln- lwlns cattle ana trampled over his crops, he begins to burn the homesteads of the Unbelievers. Twin-Twin is outraged, and hid the rest of the cattle before the Believers killed all of them. After the First and Second Disappointments, the Believers began to fade in their trust in the cattle killing movement. This also gave the Unbelievers more reason to go against the cattle killing, and many people began to question the prophets. King Sarhili is especially wavering when he says, How can we trust these prophets when they fail to keep there word? Until the prophets keep their word I shall command that the slaughter of the cattle should stop (Mda, 130). The Unbelievers take this as a sign that the Believers are wrong in their position, and they end up siding with the colonizers on the issue of cattle killing. Although the cattle-killing movement as a whole was not plausible, a lot of the heories held by the colonists are even more incredulous. When the British governor says, This whole cattle-killing movement is not Just superstitious delusion. It is a plot by the two chiefs cold-blooded political scheme to involve the government in war, and to bring a host of desperate enemies on us, he implies that he thinks that the chiefs (Believers) are promoting the Cattle Killing for personal gain rather than communal gain through war (Mda, 135). Although the Cattle Killing movement itself was not as plausible a theory as the philosophy of those who did not participate, hese assumptions that the British were making about the Believers a re extreme. Not only is this fact portrayed in Heart of Redness, but Peires also states that this theory was a very commonly held belief among Governor Grey and the colonists. That being said, those who were spearheading the cattle-killing movement were not necessarily looking for war (although they believed that the ancestors would drive away enemies) but are looking for their ancestors to return with the prosperity (cattle and crops) of the amaXhosa, free of lung sickness. Peires states that after the first ailure of the prophecies, in August 1856, the believers seem to have reached the conclusion that they had erred in excluding the whites and the Christians, showing that the Believers were looking more for the well-being of the amaXhosa, rather than the downfall of the white settlers (Peires, 56). In Heart of Redness, this is portrayed when Mhlakaza invites the colonists to Join them in the cattle killing, so that they may experience redemption as well (Mda, 133). This clearly shows that the intentions of the Believers was to raise the lives the of amaXhosa, and not to start a war that would rive away the white settlers. Of course, the British refused to kill their cattle, and although this led to more tensions between the Believers and the colonists, the British ultimately decided to go with the more rational of the two sides. Both the novel and the article show that the cattle killing is a complex issue because it pits the spirituality of the amaXhosa against rational thought about depleting their already shrinking supplies. The lung sickness in the cattle brought many rifts into the Xhosa community, and the schism between the Believers and Unbelievers is still present in many current events today.

Vocational Learner's Mathematical Knowledge Essay

Vocational Learner's Mathematical Knowledge - Essay Example Nevertheless, disciplines requiring advance quantitative analysis have often been much more of a challenge for Joe than most other courses. Areas of significant difficulty have traditionally been algebra, chemistry, and statistics. So far, Joe has passed a number of quantitative courses but has expressed that in many of them he did so experiencing significant academic difficulty. During his college career, he has successfully completed a number of such courses including vocational math, college algebra, introductory chemistry, trigonometry, two courses in physics with laboratories, calculus for business and social science, C programming, and finite math. Joe admitted to having taken the prerequisites to some of these courses numerous times. Nevertheless, he maintains certain career goals. Thus, these career goals constitute his need for gaining greater mastery over quantitative challenges. Joe's goals included completion of a master's degree in management information systems by fall of next year. The remainder of this curriculum includes at least four math related courses. Joe also plans to enter medical school by August of 2011. To qualify, he must include four chemistry courses with labs by that time. In all, Joe needs 8 more classes in math and science. Because of the level difficulty in these courses, the plan of action is two-pronged. One prong is to divide up the course evenly throughout the remaining semesters. In this way, a sum of difficulties may be broken down into more manageable chunks. This is one way in which the tasks may become easier for this learner. The other prong in our plan is to have Joe take as many of these classes at night at his local community college as he can. Night classes tend to be less intense and meet less often than day courses, and community colleges usually have fewer students per class than a four year institution. This affords students the opportunity to access the instructor more readily than in the event of serious comprehension trouble. These two ways combined should lend a certain amount of mitigation of the challenges that are inherit in these courses, especially for someone like our subject who needs to develop habits to meet these requirements squarely. Our recommendations mirror his career goal requirements. It is recommended that he takes a course in Financial or Managerial Accounting, Microeconomics, Introductory Finance, Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry as well as Business and Advanced Statistics to meet these needs. As stated in our plan of action, these classes should be divvied up between summer of 2009, fall of 2009, spring of 2010, summer of 2010, fall of 2010, spring of 2011, and summer of 2011. That would boil down to about one class per semester. One quantitative class per semester should be sufficiently uncomplicated to achieve the ends satisfactorily. There are a number of cognitive skills at play in the practice of quantitative analysis. One is simply counting. All mathematical functions are derived from the rules of the number line. Next is logic, logic constitutes the use of concrete rules to manipulate facts and figures. Another is measure. By measure we mean to apply the counting and its derivatives as well as logic to observe our natural world. Perhaps a more abstract concept is that of extrapolation - where we take our measures and through statistical analysis or algebraic

Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 13

Case Analysis - Essay Example While exact documents are rare due to the private status of Fresh Direct as a company, there have been rumors that the company posted over $250,000,000 in revenue throughout 2009, making them a rare profitable ecommerce grocer. This distinction attracted the attention of British grocery giants Morrison Supermarkets PLC, who injected the company with an investment worth nearly $50,000,000 US in 2011 that gave them a 10% share. The company will face increased competition from large food retailers as they try to benefit from the growing market. Consumer attitudes about freshness will still be an issue, but it will also be faced by potential competitors. Fresh Direct should continue their progressive expansion into restaurants and new delivery territories as a means of continuing customer growth. Similarly, it would be advantageous to remain aware and adaptive to concerns about freshness and website limitations. This was a thorough and structured case study that provides a significant amount of information about the history of Fresh Direct and the various opportunities and challenges they continue to face in the online grocery

Education in appalachia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Education in appalachia - Research Paper Example Appalachia’s economic traditions were formed by coal: the ordinary laborer is employed to an occupation s/he believed would be for a lifetime and is prepared and educated on the job (Fisher, 1993). Unfortunately, these occupations do no longer exist. Hence, the Appalachian people are being mandated to acquire their education prior to entering the workforce. People are being obliged to complete some form of education if they plan to get a job in the future (Powell, 2008). But economic progress is also being hampered by the dominant condition of education in the rural communities of Appalachia. Course Outcomes Outcome One: Demographic and Socioeconomic Status As the disparity in rates of poverty between the country and Appalachia was closing over the recent decades, the Appalachian people were coping with other parts of the country in relation to numbers of high school graduates (Ziliak, 2007). According to Ziliak (2007, 1), completion rates in high school grew by 50% between 19 79 and 1999 (see Appendix A) in Appalachian Kentucky, and current studies show that these developments resulted in the remarkable progress in per capita individual income of Kentucky over the recent decades. ... aduates in Appalachian Pennsylvania may somewhat explain the lower rate of poverty in Appalachia, the more depressed numbers of college graduates there perhaps somewhat clarifies the reason Appalachia’s average level of income is lower relative to the country (Powell, 2008). Even though the figures mentioned here is entirely exploratory, it indicates that continuous disparities in levels of educational achievement imply continuous disparities in levels of income (Ziliak, 2007), and hence rates of poverty. Outcome Two: Factors Influencing Education in Appalachia Earlier studies have demonstrated that the effects of the community in the condition of education in Appalachia are usually more subtle than the influences of the family. This appears to be the case for educational achievement in Appalachia: parents’ educational attainment and family poverty affected behaviors of achievement later on, as the community ceased to do so (Powell, 2008). Still, even though different i n terms of degree of influence on educational attainment in Appalachia, the family and community remain to be the two strongest systems impacting Appalachian education. Education is in fact greatly valued in Appalachia; however, local allegiance and family are usually prioritized. If the family requires help from its young adult, education could be hastily stopped for the sake of family obligations (Edwards, Asbury & Cox, 2006). If a specific job or profession may only be performed away from the immediate community, the family could thwart its realization. Outcome Three: The Interaction between the Family, Community, and Education Attainment of educational goals necessitates significant amount of social support, determination, and resources, and these should be given on a continuous and reliable way

Ethical Dilema Essay Example for Free

Ethical Dilema Essay In this paper, I will discuss the ethical dilemma faced by a nurse who is caring for an eight month old patient, who reports with his mother to the emergency room with a suspicious fracture. The mother provides a plausible story, and the physician knows the family and does not suspect abuse. I will discuss the action I would take in order to provide the appropriate care for this patient. As a registered professional nurse, I feel the only approach to the case is to report the injury to Department of Family and Child’s Services (DFACS) for their investigation. When a report is made, DFACS will complete an investigation and make the ultimate decision if abuse or neglect was the cause of the injury. Each nurse has a duty to report all suspicious injuries to DFACS, regardless of her feelings on abuse or neglect. This is true even when the physician knows the family or does not suspect abuse. The nurse is responsible for her own actions. In order to provide the best quality of care for this patient, I would take the statement from the parent about how the patient was injured, and then talk to the physician to gather the physical finding, which may include x-ray reports after this information is gathered, I would report the case to the local DFACS. Anytime there is a suspicious injury regardless of the plausibility of the story, or if the physician knows the patient and does not suspect the parent, the DFACS case must be reported. The nurse in this situation has a duty to report this injury and let child services decide if the patient is in danger. I would perform a complete examination of the patient and communicate with the physician, in addition to noting any other signs of abuse, along with paying close attention for indicators of abuse. Indicators of abuse can warn healthcare providers to pay closer attention to situations that may indicate abuse or neglect and someti mes there are not indicators even though the child may be abused (Henderson, 2013). Three indicators of abuse or maltreatment include physical, child behavioral and parent behavioral indicators (Henderson, 2013). These indicators should not be considered in isolation but should be considered along with the child’s condition in the context with overall physical appearance and behavior; however, it is conceivable that a single indicator may be consistent with abuse or neglect (Henderson, 2013). Considerations of abuse are raised by injuries to both sides of the body and/or to soft tissues, injuries with a specific pattern or injuries that do not fit the explanation, delays in  presentation for care, and/or untreated injuries in multiple stages of healing (Henderson, 2013). It would be helpful to check the patient’s record for previous unexplained injuries or history of frequent visits to the emergency room or physician’s office. Any burns or patterns of bruising during the examination would warrant further investigation. Other signs of physical abuse I would monitor for include signs of pain where there is not visible injury and lack of reaction to pain. I would also note any emotional signs of physical abuse, which include passive, withdrawn or emotionless behavior, and fear when seeing parents. Any symptoms noted on exam should include this in the report to DFACS. Since the physical signs of abuse are often visible, most cases of abuse are recognized by a healthcare provider (Padera, 2009). These signs may be noted at routine appointments or while providing acute care. The ethical principle of non-maleficence and beneficence are addressed with this case. The ethical principle of non-maleficence helps to ensure that healthcare providers do not harm to their patients. If I did not report this case to DFACS for investigation and the abuse continued causing any harm to the patient, this would be an ethical violation of non-maleficence on the part of the nurse. The ethical principle of beneficence ensures that health care provider’s actions benefit the patient. By choosing to report this case to DFACS, my actions would benefit the patient and help ensure that the patient was no longer being abused. As a nurse, if I did not report this to DFACS for investigation, I would be in violation of the nurse practice act, and I could be held liable if the patient suffer more injuries or death at the hand of an abuser. My report of child abuse or neglect is confidential and immune from civil or criminal liability as long as the report is made in good faith and without malice (https://www.oag.state.tx.us/victims/childabuse.shtml). Provided these two conditions are met, as a nurse, I am immune from liability if they are asked to participate in any judicial proceedings resulting from the report (https://www.oag.state.tx.us/victims/childabuse.shtml). In conclusion, mandatory reporting can produce unanticipated and unwanted consequences (Buppert Klein, 2008). Nurses may be concerned about reporting suspected abuse especially, when the investigation is completed, no abuse or risk to the patient is found (Buppert Klein, 2008). Boards of Nursing rarely  discipline nurses for failure to report and nurses are covered with their nurse practice act when they make reports in â€Å"good† faith (Buppert Klein, 2008). Given this information there is no reason not to report this mother to DFACS for investigation. References: Buppert, C. Klein, T. (2008). Dilemmas in Mandatory Reporting for Nurses. Medscape. P. 4- 16. Henderson, K. L. (2013). Mandated reporting of child abuse: Considerations and guidelines for mental health counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 35(4), 296-309. Padera, Connie. (2009). Nursing, Child Abuse, and the Law. 7(37). P. 122-126. When you suspect child abuse or neglect: A general guide. Retrieved from https://www.oag. state.tx.us/victims/childabuse.shtml

Drawing The Boundaries Of The Ethical Self Essay -- Philosophy Ethics

Drawing The Boundaries Of The Ethical Self This paper evaluates some philosophical views regarding the self who is an ethical deliberator and agent-specifically the traditional atomistic individualist self and the expanded biocentric self of deep ecology. The paper then presents an alternative manner of thinking about the ethical self which avoids some of the philosophical difficulties of the foregoing views. This alternative draws on the recent work by Val Plumwood and Donna Haraway. Haraway's cyborg identity is a kind of self-in-relation (Plumwood's term) which allows for ethical deliberations that take relations with others seriously without losing individuality in problematic holism (as deep ecology does). Self-in-relation is defined by the relation of intentional inclusion. This relation is given a functionalist, non-mentalistic interpretation. The notions of ontological foresight and moral foresight are introduced to enable determinations of moral responsibility without falling back into the problematic universalism whi ch otherwise results from the functionalist view of cyborg self-in-relation. Ethical deliberation does not typically begin with an explicit articulation of the concept of self which underlies such deliberation. But a self is assumed, and usually in Western ethical thought it is an atomistic egocentric individual self. Ethical deliberation, whether deontological, utilitarian, or otherwise, assumed a self/other boundary of some kind, and such an assumption imports bias into our ethical conclusion. Ethical deliberations frequently focus on the interests or rights of individuals, without justifying the assumption of an egocentric individual self. If the traditionally-assumed egocentric individual self ci... ... the self which avoids the difficulties which result from the universalization of the deep ecology modes as well as those which result from individual egocentrism. Cyborg selves are neither isolated egos nor world-souls which merge individuals. Cyborg selves are contingent, multiple, adaptive, connected. The mutable character of cyborg selves points out the necessity for acknowledging, rather than assuming, the boundaries of the self as a part of ethical deliberation. References Haraway, Donna J. 1991. Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. New York: Routledge. Plumwood, Val. 1995. "Nature, Self and Gender: Feminism, Environmental Philosophy, and the Critique of Rationalism." in People, Penguins, and Plastic Trees: Basic Issues in Environmental Ethics, 2d ed., eds. Christine Pierce and Donald VanDeVeer. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co.

Polar Bears :: essays research papers

Polar bears are big, white bears (sometimes darker fur) that live in very cold regions like around the artic poles. There are 21,000 to 28,000 Polar bears alive that are known. Polar bears swim in water and are carnivores, they eat fish . Polar bears feed mainly on ringed seals and bearded seals. Depending upon their location, they also eat harp and hooded seals and eat carcasses of beluga whales, walruses, narwhals, and Bowhead whales. A polar bears' stomach can hold up to 15% to 20% of its body weight. It can use 84% of the protein and 97% of the fat it eats. Polar bears need about 2 kg (4.4 lb.) of fat per day to survive. A ringed seal weighing 55 kg (121 lb.) could provide up to eight days of energy for a polar bear. On cold days polar bears curl up and cover their muzzle area. During the winter, some polar bears leave their dens and find other places to stay warm. They may use these shelters for several months at a time. Polar bears generally walk with a steady, clumsy walk. The front paws swing towards the sides with each step, landing slightly pigeon-toed. The head swings from side to side. The walk has a four-beat pattern, first the right front foot touches the ground, then the left back foot, then the left front foot, and lastly, the right back foot. Humans may encounter polar bears wherever human and polar bear habitats come together. Polar bear attacks occur most often at sites of human camp where they fish and hunt or in towns close by polars' habitat. Compared to other bears, polar bears are more willing to consider humans as prey. Most likely the person attacked is killed, unless the polar bear is killed first. Polar bears can live up to 20 to 30 years, but only a few of the polar bears live past 15 to 18 years. The oldest known polar bear in the Arctic lived 32 years. And the oldest polar bear in a zoo lived 41 years. Adult polar bears have no natural predators. Males sometimes kill other males competing for mates. Males rarely kill females protecting cubs. Cubs less than one year old sometimes are prey to adult male polar bears and other meat eaters, such as wolves. Newborn cubs may be killed by mothers that are hungry. Polar bears have been hunted for thousands of years.

Dark Tourism

1. 0 Introduction 1. 1 Key Objectives The aim of the report is to study dark tourism and discuss what are the issues generated by the evolution of this phenomenon. 1. 2 Scope The report includes a definition of dark tourism, the history, a description of its target markets with its marketing implications, the push and pull factors and the various impacts caused and the challenges faced. Lastly, conclusions will be drawn. 2. 0 Main Discussions 2. 1 Definition Dark tourism is demarcated as encompassing the visitation to any site allied with death, disaster and tragedy for commemoration, education or entertainment (Webber, 2007). . 2 History Dark tourism is not considered a new phenomenon as it can be referred back to the twelfth century (McCormick, 2004). As far as the Dark ages, pilgrims have started travelling to tombs. The increase in media has allowed events to be reported and repeated. With the increased improvements in technology, tourists and people can have an insight and be in troduced to dark tourism (Stone, 2006). 2. 3 Types of Dark Tourism Dark tourism is the act of travel and visitation to the sites, attractions and exhibitions which have real or recreated death, suffering or disaster in general. Many tourists have flocked to experience sites of past terror that offer grim and disturbing tragedies. However, dark tourism has become so broad that there are many sub-classifications to categorize it. 2. 4 Trends of Dark Tourism The main reason for visiting dark sites is because of the tourists' interest in the elements to witness executions and learn about the death of famous people and others, the demise and fall of empires, torment and suffering of sites from wars or gruesome murders. Tourists also visit the sites sometimes to feel the power of faith, with the inspiration that they can get hope from these deaths (Tarlow, 2005). 2. 5 Push and Pull Factors 2. 5. 1 Push Factors Some tourists prefer more daring, exciting and adventure while others with self development needs may look forward to learning about history behind the events that has happened, widening and exploring more parts of the world. Curiosity and novelty has enticed many tourists to visit dark sites. Also, some tourists travel to these sites to commemorate their family members. . 5. 2 Pull Factors Sites with historical and grim events such as the United States of America where the Pearl Harbor took place have enticed many visits from the tourists. The media has played a role in promoting the sites to the public. Movies were based on sites such the Cullen house in the movie Twilight has an upsurge in tourist visitation. 2. 6 Market Segments Four tourist classifications were identified and are as follo ws; the organized mass tourist, the individual mass tourist, the explorer and the drifter (Cohen, 2004). The generic and niche markets are two distinct types of tourists are who visit dark tourism sites. The niche market segments usually have a particular interest in exploring the conflict and are mostly young people who are individual travellers, part of a university group with an education interest and tourists with a need for self-development (Pearce, 2005). 2. 7 Marketing Implications Dark tourism sites’ marketing managers need to understand the nature of the dark tourism product and not promote dark tourism wrongly having reflective implications for society at large (Stone, 2005). Many tourists visiting dark sites have education as their key motivator. These sites can focus on its teaching aspects such as offering and promoting additional services such as lectures, seminars, or workshops can enhance the tourist’s experience on site. These sites can also de-market themselves to make it unattractive to cut down on the damage caused to the site. 2. 8 Impacts of Dark Tourism 2. 8. 1 Economic Impact Tourism can help bring in revenue to improve a country's economic growth through employment and opportunities (Simpson, Gossling, Scott, Hall, & Gladin, 2008). With the influx of tourists coming from around the world, tourist receipts will grow and directly contributes to the economies of many destinations. 2. 8. 2 Environmental Impact Environmental degradation is caused by different pollutions of air, water, noise and land. Solid waste and litters that tourist dispose has contributed largely to the global environment problem. The carbon emissions of air crafts and carbon footprints of tourists have also increased air and land pollution (Yale, 2004). The zoning of dark tourism sites can help curb problems of over development. However, it also means a sacrifice of an area for the entire site. 2. 8. 3 Socio-Cultural Impact The sustainability of tourists going to dark tourism sites have become an issue. Because commercialization erodes historical value, it is difficult to sustain the sites and maintain the memory from the past. Also, with tourists bringing their own culture into destinations and site, culture management becomes another impact. Tourist should have an obligation to observe codes of behavior and be aware of cultural norms in the destination they are visiting (Howie, 2003). 2. 9 Challenges No doubt many opportunities for the local communities will be created and this allows locals to have an improved life. Many locals can take this opportunity to show their handicrafts. However, these products will be commercialized and loses it authenticity after a period of time. Another challenge identified is that of the long-term damage caused by visitors. Inevitably the high number of visitors received by sites will have an impact in the long term. Therefore it is important to impose a visitor number management to control visitor arrivals to the sites (Yale, 2004). 3. 0 Conclusion Dark tourism has been defined as those visits to any sites associated with death, disaster and tragedy. It has been noted of the various factors why people decide to visit these particular sites. Because dark tourism is an umbrella for various kinds of tourism, there are issues involved and many ways to decrease the impacts caused. Dark tourism sites are highly susceptible to damage and the demand for dark tourism should be controlled via de-marketing tools. However, the issue of de-marketing to improve or lessen the tourist’s arrivals as such can still be debatable. 4. 0 References Cohen, E. (2004). Contemporary tourism: Diversity and change. Boston: Elsevier. Howie, F. (2003) Managing the Tourist Destination, London: Continuum Lennon, J. and Foley, M. (2004) Dark Tourism, London: Thomson McCormick, M. (2004) Ground Zero and the phenomena of dark tourism, Available from: http://www. pilotguides. com/destination_guide/north_america/new_york/ground_zero. php Pearce, P. L. (2005). Tourist behaviour: Themes and conceptual schemes. Clevedon: Channel View Publications. Stone, P. R. (2005) Dark Tourism – an old concept in a new world Tourism – Journal of the Tourism Society, The Tourism Society, Quarter IV, Issue 125, . 20 Stone, P. R. (2006) A dark tourism spectrum: Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions TOURISM: An Interdisciplinary International Journal, Vol 54(2) p145-160. Tarlow P E (2005) ‘Dark Tourism – the appealing â€Å"dark† side of tourism and more’, in M Novelli (ed) Niche Tourism, Contemporary Issues Trends and Cases. Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, p47-58. Webber, S. (2007, January 1). Dark Tourism. Retrieved on January 4, 2011, from City Paper: http://www. citypaper. ee/dark_tourism/ Yale, P. (2004) From Tourist Attractions to Heritage Tourism, 3rd ed. , Elm